from __future__ import absolute_import from __future__ import print_function import copy import random from six.moves import range initial_board = [["_", "_", "_"], ["_", "_", "_"], ["_", "_", "_"]] mode = 'r' # default, can change for debugging to 'p' def output_mode(string_to_print, mode): if mode == "p": print(string_to_print) elif mode == "r": return string_to_print # ------------------------------------- class TicTacToeGame(object): smarter = True # If smarter is True, the computer will do some extra thinking - it'll be harder for the user. triplets = [[(0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)], # Row 1 [(1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2)], # Row 2 [(2, 0), (2, 1), (2, 2)], # Row 3 [(0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0)], # Column 1 [(0, 1), (1, 1), (2, 1)], # Column 2 [(0, 2), (1, 2), (2, 2)], # Column 3 [(0, 0), (1, 1), (2, 2)], # Diagonal 1 [(0, 2), (1, 1), (2, 0)] # Diagonal 2 ] positions = "Coordinates are entered in a (row, column) format. Numbering is from top to bottom and left to right.\n" \ "Here are the coordinates of each position. (Parentheses and spaces are optional.) \n" \ "(1, 1) (1, 2) (1, 3) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) (2, 3) \n(3, 1) (3, 2) (3, 3) \n " \ "Your move would be one of these. To make a move, type @mention-bot " \ "followed by a space and the coordinate." detailed_help_message = "*Help for Tic-Tac-Toe bot* \n" \ "The bot responds to messages starting with @mention-bot.\n" \ "**@mention-bot new** will start a new game (but not if you're " \ "already in the middle of a game). You must type this first to start playing!\n" \ "**@mention-bot help** will return this help function.\n" \ "**@mention-bot quit** will quit from the current game.\n" \ "**@mention-bot ** will make a move at the given coordinate.\n" \ "Coordinates are entered in a (row, column) format. Numbering is from " \ "top to bottom and left to right. \n" \ "Here are the coordinates of each position. (Parentheses and spaces are optional). \n" \ "(1, 1) (1, 2) (1, 3) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) (2, 3) \n(3, 1) (3, 2) (3, 3) \n" def __init__(self, board): self.board = board def display_row(self, row): ''' Takes the row passed in as a list and returns it as a string. ''' row_string = " ".join([e.strip() for e in row]) return("[ {} ]\n".format(row_string)) def display_board(self, board): ''' Takes the board as a nested list and returns a nice version for the user. ''' return "".join([self.display_row(r) for r in board]) def get_value(self, board, position): return board[position[0]][position[1]] def board_is_full(self, board): ''' Determines if the board is full or not. ''' full = False board_state = "" for row in board: for element in row: if element == "_": board_state += "_" if "_" not in board_state: full = True return full def win_conditions(self, board, triplets): ''' Returns true if all coordinates in a triplet have the same value in them (x or o) and no coordinates in the triplet are blank. ''' won = False for triplet in triplets: if (self.get_value(board, triplet[0]) == self.get_value(board, triplet[1]) == self.get_value(board, triplet[2]) != "_"): won = True break return won def get_locations_of_char(self, board, char): ''' Gets the locations of the board that have char in them. ''' locations = [] for row in range(3): for col in range(3): if board[row][col] == char: locations.append([row, col]) return locations def two_blanks(self, triplet, board): ''' Determines which rows/columns/diagonals have two blank spaces and an 'o' already in them. It's more advantageous for the computer to move there. This is used when the computer makes its move. ''' o_found = False for position in triplet: if self.get_value(board, position) == "o": o_found = True break blanks_list = [] if o_found: for position in triplet: if self.get_value(board, position) == "_": blanks_list.append(position) if len(blanks_list) == 2: return blanks_list def computer_move(self, board): ''' The computer's logic for making its move. ''' my_board = copy.deepcopy(board) # First the board is copied; used later on blank_locations = self.get_locations_of_char(my_board, "_") x_locations = self.get_locations_of_char(board, "x") # Gets the locations that already have x's corner_locations = [[0, 0], [0, 2], [2, 0], [2, 2]] # List of the coordinates of the corners of the board edge_locations = [[1, 0], [0, 1], [1, 2], [2, 1]] # List of the coordinates of the edge spaces of the board if blank_locations == []: # If no empty spaces are left, the computer can't move anyway, so it just returns the board. return board if len(x_locations) == 1: # This is special logic only used on the first move. # If the user played first in the corner or edge, the computer should move in the center. if x_locations[0] in corner_locations or x_locations[0] in edge_locations: board[1][1] = "o" # If user played first in the center, the computer should move in the corner. It doesn't matter which corner. else: location = random.choice(corner_locations) row = location[0] col = location[1] board[row][col] = "o" return board # This logic is used on all other moves. # First I'll check if the computer can win in the next move. If so, that's where the computer will play. # The check is done by replacing the blank locations with o's and seeing if the computer would win in each case. for row, col in blank_locations: my_board[row][col] = "o" if self.win_conditions(my_board, self.triplets): board[row][col] = "o" return board else: my_board[row][col] = "_" # Revert if not winning # If the computer can't immediately win, it wants to make sure the user can't win in their next move, so it # checks to see if the user needs to be blocked. # The check is done by replacing the blank locations with x's and seeing if the user would win in each case. for row, col in blank_locations: my_board[row][col] = "x" if self.win_conditions(my_board, self.triplets): board[row][col] = "o" return board else: my_board[row][col] = "_" # Revert if not winning # Assuming nobody will win in their next move, now I'll find the best place for the computer to win. for row, col in blank_locations: if ('x' not in my_board[row] and my_board[0][col] != 'x' and my_board[1][col] != 'x' and my_board[2][col] != 'x'): board[row][col] = 'o' return board # If no move has been made, choose a random blank location. If smarter is True, the computer will choose a # random blank location from a set of better locations to play. These locations are determined by seeing if # there are two blanks and an 'o' in each row, column, and diagonal (done in two_blanks). # If smarter is False, all blank locations can be chosen. if self.smarter: blanks = [] for triplet in self.triplets: result = self.two_blanks(triplet, board) if result: blanks = blanks + result blank_set = set(blanks) blank_list = list(blank_set) if blank_list == []: location = random.choice(blank_locations) else: location = random.choice(blank_list) row = location[0] col = location[1] board[row][col] = 'o' return board else: location = random.choice(blank_locations) row = location[0] col = location[1] board[row][col] = 'o' return board def check_validity(self, move): ''' Checks the validity of the coordinate input passed in to make sure it's not out-of-bounds (ex. 5, 5) ''' try: split_move = move.split(",") row = split_move[0].strip() col = split_move[1].strip() valid = False if row == "1" or row == "2" or row == "3": if col == "1" or col == "2" or col == "3": valid = True except IndexError: valid = False return valid def sanitize_move(self, move): ''' As there are various ways to input a coordinate (with/without parentheses, with/without spaces, etc.) the input is stripped to just the numbers before being used in the program. ''' move = move.replace("(", "") move = move.replace(")", "") move = move.strip() return move def tictactoe(self, board, input_string): return_string = "" move = self.sanitize_move(input_string) # Subtraction must be done to convert to the right indices, since computers start numbering at 0. row = (int(move[0])) - 1 column = (int(move[-1])) - 1 if board[row][column] != "_": return_string += output_mode("That space is already filled, sorry!", mode) return return_string else: board[row][column] = "x" return_string += self.display_board(board) # Check to see if the user won/drew after they made their move. If not, it's the computer's turn. if self.win_conditions(board, self.triplets): return_string += output_mode("Game over! You've won!", mode) return return_string if self.board_is_full(board): return_string += output_mode("It's a draw! Neither of us was able to win.", mode) return return_string return_string += output_mode("My turn:\n", mode) self.computer_move(board) return_string += self.display_board(board) # Checks to see if the computer won after it makes its move. (The computer can't draw, so there's no point # in checking.) If the computer didn't win, the user gets another turn. if self.win_conditions(board, self.triplets): return_string += output_mode("Game over! I've won!", mode) return return_string return_string += output_mode("Your turn! Enter a coordinate or type help.", mode) return return_string # ------------------------------------- flat_initial = sum(initial_board, []) def first_time(board): flat = sum(board, []) return flat == flat_initial class ticTacToeHandler(object): ''' You can play tic-tac-toe in a private message with tic-tac-toe bot! Make sure your message starts with "@mention-bot". ''' def usage(self): return ''' You can play tic-tac-toe with the computer now! Make sure your message starts with @mention-bot. ''' def handle_message(self, message, client, state_handler): command_list = message['content'] command = "" for val in command_list: command += val original_sender = message['sender_email'] mydict = state_handler.get_state() if not mydict: state_handler.set_state({}) mydict = state_handler.get_state() user_game = mydict.get(original_sender) if (not user_game) and command == "new": user_game = TicTacToeGame(copy.deepcopy(initial_board)) mydict[original_sender] = user_game if command == 'new': if user_game and not first_time(user_game.board): return_content = "You're already playing a game! Type **@tictactoe help** or **@ttt help** to see valid inputs." else: return_content = "Welcome to tic-tac-toe! You'll be x's and I'll be o's. Your move first!\n" return_content += TicTacToeGame.positions elif command == 'help': return_content = TicTacToeGame.detailed_help_message elif (user_game) and TicTacToeGame.check_validity(user_game, TicTacToeGame.sanitize_move(user_game, command)): user_board = user_game.board return_content = TicTacToeGame.tictactoe(user_game, user_board, command) elif (user_game) and command == 'quit': del mydict[original_sender] return_content = "You've successfully quit the game." else: return_content = "Hmm, I didn't understand your input. Type **@tictactoe help** or **@ttt help** to see valid inputs." if "Game over" in return_content or "draw" in return_content: del mydict[original_sender] state_handler.set_state(mydict) client.send_message(dict( type = 'private', to = original_sender, subject = message['sender_email'], content = return_content, )) handler_class = ticTacToeHandler