324 lines
14 KiB
Python
324 lines
14 KiB
Python
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from __future__ import absolute_import
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from __future__ import print_function
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import copy
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import random
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from six.moves import range
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initial_board = [["_", "_", "_"],
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["_", "_", "_"],
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["_", "_", "_"]]
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mode = 'r' # default, can change for debugging to 'p'
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def output_mode(string_to_print, mode):
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if mode == "p":
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print(string_to_print)
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elif mode == "r":
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return string_to_print
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# -------------------------------------
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class TicTacToeGame(object):
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smarter = True
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# If smarter is True, the computer will do some extra thinking - it'll be harder for the user.
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triplets = [[(0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)], # Row 1
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[(1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2)], # Row 2
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[(2, 0), (2, 1), (2, 2)], # Row 3
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[(0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0)], # Column 1
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[(0, 1), (1, 1), (2, 1)], # Column 2
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[(0, 2), (1, 2), (2, 2)], # Column 3
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[(0, 0), (1, 1), (2, 2)], # Diagonal 1
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[(0, 2), (1, 1), (2, 0)] # Diagonal 2
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]
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positions = "Coordinates are entered in a (row, column) format. Numbering is from top to bottom and left to right.\n" \
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"Here are the coordinates of each position. (Parentheses and spaces are optional.) \n" \
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"(1, 1) (1, 2) (1, 3) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) (2, 3) \n(3, 1) (3, 2) (3, 3) \n " \
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"Your move would be one of these. To make a move, type @mention-bot " \
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"followed by a space and the coordinate."
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detailed_help_message = "*Help for Tic-Tac-Toe bot* \n" \
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"The bot responds to messages starting with @mention-bot.\n" \
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"**@mention-bot new** will start a new game (but not if you're " \
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"already in the middle of a game). You must type this first to start playing!\n" \
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"**@mention-bot help** will return this help function.\n" \
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"**@mention-bot quit** will quit from the current game.\n" \
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"**@mention-bot <coordinate>** will make a move at the given coordinate.\n" \
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"Coordinates are entered in a (row, column) format. Numbering is from " \
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"top to bottom and left to right. \n" \
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"Here are the coordinates of each position. (Parentheses and spaces are optional). \n" \
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"(1, 1) (1, 2) (1, 3) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) (2, 3) \n(3, 1) (3, 2) (3, 3) \n"
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def __init__(self, board):
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self.board = board
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def display_row(self, row):
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''' Takes the row passed in as a list and returns it as a string. '''
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row_string = " ".join([e.strip() for e in row])
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return("[ {} ]\n".format(row_string))
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def display_board(self, board):
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''' Takes the board as a nested list and returns a nice version for the user. '''
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return "".join([self.display_row(r) for r in board])
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def get_value(self, board, position):
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return board[position[0]][position[1]]
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def board_is_full(self, board):
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''' Determines if the board is full or not. '''
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full = False
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board_state = ""
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for row in board:
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for element in row:
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if element == "_":
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board_state += "_"
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if "_" not in board_state:
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full = True
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return full
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def win_conditions(self, board, triplets):
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''' Returns true if all coordinates in a triplet have the same value in them (x or o) and no coordinates
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in the triplet are blank. '''
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won = False
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for triplet in triplets:
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if (self.get_value(board, triplet[0]) == self.get_value(board, triplet[1]) ==
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self.get_value(board, triplet[2]) != "_"):
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won = True
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break
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return won
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def get_locations_of_char(self, board, char):
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''' Gets the locations of the board that have char in them. '''
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locations = []
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for row in range(3):
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for col in range(3):
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if board[row][col] == char:
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locations.append([row, col])
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return locations
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def two_blanks(self, triplet, board):
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''' Determines which rows/columns/diagonals have two blank spaces and an 'o' already in them. It's more advantageous
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for the computer to move there. This is used when the computer makes its move. '''
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o_found = False
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for position in triplet:
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if self.get_value(board, position) == "o":
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o_found = True
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break
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blanks_list = []
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if o_found:
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for position in triplet:
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if self.get_value(board, position) == "_":
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blanks_list.append(position)
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if len(blanks_list) == 2:
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return blanks_list
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def computer_move(self, board):
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''' The computer's logic for making its move. '''
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my_board = copy.deepcopy(board) # First the board is copied; used later on
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blank_locations = self.get_locations_of_char(my_board, "_")
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x_locations = self.get_locations_of_char(board, "x") # Gets the locations that already have x's
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corner_locations = [[0, 0], [0, 2], [2, 0], [2, 2]] # List of the coordinates of the corners of the board
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edge_locations = [[1, 0], [0, 1], [1, 2], [2, 1]] # List of the coordinates of the edge spaces of the board
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if blank_locations == []: # If no empty spaces are left, the computer can't move anyway, so it just returns the board.
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return board
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if len(x_locations) == 1: # This is special logic only used on the first move.
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# If the user played first in the corner or edge, the computer should move in the center.
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if x_locations[0] in corner_locations or x_locations[0] in edge_locations:
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board[1][1] = "o"
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# If user played first in the center, the computer should move in the corner. It doesn't matter which corner.
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else:
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location = random.choice(corner_locations)
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row = location[0]
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col = location[1]
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board[row][col] = "o"
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return board
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# This logic is used on all other moves.
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# First I'll check if the computer can win in the next move. If so, that's where the computer will play.
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# The check is done by replacing the blank locations with o's and seeing if the computer would win in each case.
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for row, col in blank_locations:
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my_board[row][col] = "o"
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if self.win_conditions(my_board, self.triplets):
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board[row][col] = "o"
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return board
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else:
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my_board[row][col] = "_" # Revert if not winning
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# If the computer can't immediately win, it wants to make sure the user can't win in their next move, so it
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# checks to see if the user needs to be blocked.
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# The check is done by replacing the blank locations with x's and seeing if the user would win in each case.
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for row, col in blank_locations:
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my_board[row][col] = "x"
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if self.win_conditions(my_board, self.triplets):
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board[row][col] = "o"
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return board
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else:
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my_board[row][col] = "_" # Revert if not winning
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# Assuming nobody will win in their next move, now I'll find the best place for the computer to win.
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for row, col in blank_locations:
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if ('x' not in my_board[row] and my_board[0][col] != 'x' and my_board[1][col] !=
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'x' and my_board[2][col] != 'x'):
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board[row][col] = 'o'
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return board
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# If no move has been made, choose a random blank location. If smarter is True, the computer will choose a
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# random blank location from a set of better locations to play. These locations are determined by seeing if
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# there are two blanks and an 'o' in each row, column, and diagonal (done in two_blanks).
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# If smarter is False, all blank locations can be chosen.
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if self.smarter:
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blanks = []
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for triplet in self.triplets:
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result = self.two_blanks(triplet, board)
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if result:
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blanks = blanks + result
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blank_set = set(blanks)
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blank_list = list(blank_set)
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if blank_list == []:
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location = random.choice(blank_locations)
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else:
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location = random.choice(blank_list)
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row = location[0]
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col = location[1]
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board[row][col] = 'o'
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return board
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else:
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location = random.choice(blank_locations)
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row = location[0]
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col = location[1]
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board[row][col] = 'o'
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return board
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def check_validity(self, move):
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''' Checks the validity of the coordinate input passed in to make sure it's not out-of-bounds (ex. 5, 5) '''
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try:
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split_move = move.split(",")
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row = split_move[0].strip()
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col = split_move[1].strip()
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valid = False
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if row == "1" or row == "2" or row == "3":
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if col == "1" or col == "2" or col == "3":
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valid = True
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except IndexError:
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valid = False
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return valid
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def sanitize_move(self, move):
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''' As there are various ways to input a coordinate (with/without parentheses, with/without spaces, etc.) the
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input is stripped to just the numbers before being used in the program. '''
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move = move.replace("(", "")
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move = move.replace(")", "")
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move = move.strip()
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return move
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def tictactoe(self, board, input_string):
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return_string = ""
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move = self.sanitize_move(input_string)
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# Subtraction must be done to convert to the right indices, since computers start numbering at 0.
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row = (int(move[0])) - 1
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column = (int(move[-1])) - 1
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if board[row][column] != "_":
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return_string += output_mode("That space is already filled, sorry!", mode)
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return return_string
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else:
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board[row][column] = "x"
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return_string += self.display_board(board)
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# Check to see if the user won/drew after they made their move. If not, it's the computer's turn.
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if self.win_conditions(board, self.triplets):
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return_string += output_mode("Game over! You've won!", mode)
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return return_string
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if self.board_is_full(board):
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return_string += output_mode("It's a draw! Neither of us was able to win.", mode)
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return return_string
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return_string += output_mode("My turn:\n", mode)
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self.computer_move(board)
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return_string += self.display_board(board)
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# Checks to see if the computer won after it makes its move. (The computer can't draw, so there's no point
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# in checking.) If the computer didn't win, the user gets another turn.
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if self.win_conditions(board, self.triplets):
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return_string += output_mode("Game over! I've won!", mode)
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return return_string
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return_string += output_mode("Your turn! Enter a coordinate or type help.", mode)
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return return_string
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# -------------------------------------
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flat_initial = sum(initial_board, [])
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def first_time(board):
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flat = sum(board, [])
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return flat == flat_initial
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class ticTacToeHandler(object):
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'''
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You can play tic-tac-toe in a private message with
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tic-tac-toe bot! Make sure your message starts with
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"@mention-bot".
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'''
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def usage(self):
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return '''
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You can play tic-tac-toe with the computer now! Make sure your
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message starts with @mention-bot.
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'''
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def handle_message(self, message, bot_handler, state_handler):
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command_list = message['content']
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command = ""
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for val in command_list:
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command += val
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original_sender = message['sender_email']
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mydict = state_handler.get_state()
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if not mydict:
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state_handler.set_state({})
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mydict = state_handler.get_state()
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user_game = mydict.get(original_sender)
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if (not user_game) and command == "new":
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user_game = TicTacToeGame(copy.deepcopy(initial_board))
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mydict[original_sender] = user_game
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if command == 'new':
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if user_game and not first_time(user_game.board):
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return_content = "You're already playing a game! Type **@tictactoe help** or **@ttt help** to see valid inputs."
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else:
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return_content = "Welcome to tic-tac-toe! You'll be x's and I'll be o's. Your move first!\n"
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return_content += TicTacToeGame.positions
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elif command == 'help':
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return_content = TicTacToeGame.detailed_help_message
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elif (user_game) and TicTacToeGame.check_validity(user_game, TicTacToeGame.sanitize_move(user_game, command)):
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user_board = user_game.board
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return_content = TicTacToeGame.tictactoe(user_game, user_board, command)
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elif (user_game) and command == 'quit':
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del mydict[original_sender]
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return_content = "You've successfully quit the game."
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else:
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return_content = "Hmm, I didn't understand your input. Type **@tictactoe help** or **@ttt help** to see valid inputs."
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if "Game over" in return_content or "draw" in return_content:
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del mydict[original_sender]
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state_handler.set_state(mydict)
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bot_handler.send_message(dict(
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type = 'private',
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to = original_sender,
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subject = message['sender_email'],
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content = return_content,
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))
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handler_class = ticTacToeHandler
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